Kumar Kartikeya’s Article 12, Meaning, Scope, and Emerging Judicial Trends 1st Edition 2020

Kumar Kartikeya’s Article 12: Meaning, Scope and Emerging Judicial Trends, edited and revised by Yogesh Pratap Singh, is a focused and authoritative commentary on one of the most significant provisions of the Indian Constitution. Article 12 defines the term “State” for the purpose of enforcing Fundamental Rights, making it central to constitutional litigation and judicial review.

The book provides an in-depth examination of the evolving judicial interpretation of Article 12, particularly the development of the “instrumentality or agency” doctrine and tests used by courts to determine whether a body qualifies as “State.” It analyses landmark Supreme Court decisions that have expanded constitutional accountability to public corporations, statutory authorities, government-controlled entities, and, in certain circumstances, private bodies performing public functions.

The work also explores the relationship between Article 12, Article 32, and Article 226, highlighting the importance of writ jurisdiction in enforcing Fundamental Rights. It discusses emerging trends in constitutional adjudication and the growing reach of judicial review in a modern governance framework.

With a foreword by Faizan Mustafa and published by Eastern Book Company, this volume is indispensable for advocates, judges, academicians, and postgraduate students specializing in constitutional law. It offers doctrinal clarity, critical insight, and practical guidance for navigating Article 12 jurisprudence in contemporary India.